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How Braces Work

Read a short science news article with a timeline about the history of braces.

By Andrew Klein
From the February 2026 Issue

Standards

Here’s how braces help keep your teeth healthy.

If you have braces, you’re not alone. In the United States, nearly 4 million kids and teens wear these dental devices.

Braces correct problems that occur when teeth are out of place. The idea isn’t new: Dentists have been using braces to straighten teeth for at least the past 200 years!

Today’s modern braces typically use brackets glued to teeth. A curved metal wire connects the brackets, putting pressure on teeth. This slowly changes their position.

More happens under your chompers. Teeth fit snuggly into the jawbone. As braces shift teeth, the bone around each tooth breaks down and re-forms in its new position.

When teeth don’t line up properly, they can wear down. Then they’re at risk of tooth decay. That’s why braces aren’t just for looks.

Brackets
These small metal squares are glued to each tooth.

Arch Wire
This wire runs through each bracket, putting pressure on teeth and causing them to shift.

Elastic Bands
Stretchy bands that come in fun colors wrap around each bracket to secure the wire in place.

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